Tuesday, May 29, 2007

Wicca and the Kabbalah

I'm one of those Wiccans that doesn't want anything Judeo-Christian in her paganism. To me, figures like Lilith, Eve, Sophia, Shekinah, and Mary are not goddesses and they are no more a part of my practice than Satan. Whether Mary Magdalene got it on with Jesus is any issue for the Christians to argue over. I could care less; I'm Pagan. Unfortunately, Wicca, Judaism, and Christianity are strange ménage à trois bedfellows.

One of the studies in Wicca that I've avoided for years is the Kabbalah. I do not understand the obsession with something that is obviously deeply rooted in Jewish mysticism and seems to be in sharp opposition to Wiccan teachings.

The Kabbalah is authoritative by most Orthodox Jews who claim that an intimate understanding and mastery of it brings man spiritually closer to God and as a result man can be empowered with higher insight into the inner-workings of God’s creation effectively enabling prophecy and even control over nature.

As a feminist, I try to use gender-neutral language, but my use of the word "man" here is not accidental. In contemporary Orthodox Judaism, a person must be a man, at least age 40, mature, married, and must have mastered the other branches of Torah to begin studying Kabbalah. This is really a minor issue nowadays. Kabbalah has become very trendy and more women are beginning to study it. I must point out, however, that the left side of the Kabbalistic Tree (which correspond to the levels of creation) is considered the female side. It is more destructive than the male, right side and evil is considered a harsh byproduct of the left side of creation.

A more important point is the idea that the study and mastery of Kabbalah brings one closer to God. This sounds good, but we're not talking about God in a generic whatever-that-means-to-you kind of way. Although friendlier than it's Christian evangelical cousins, Judaism has a purchase on truth. It is the one true way and while Kabbalah teaches that God is neither spirit nor matter, creator of both, yet himself neither, it still promotes a dualistic system holding that there is a good power versus an evil power.

To add to the cauldron, the Kabbalah contains a theologically framed hostility in its metaphysics of the human soul. Kabbalistic works assume that Jewish and non-Jewish souls are fundamentally different. The souls of non-Jews emanate from the left side of the Kabbalistic Tree and therefore have a dark or demonic aspect to them that is absent in Jews.

Some aspects of traditional Kabbalah are so deeply intertwined with Jewish religious beliefs and practices that they are meaningless outside of this context, but like everything else people have studied and interpreted other aspects of it for so long that they almost have a distinct identity of their own. I suppose this is how it ended up in Wicca, much like everything else, through Freemasonry and the Western Mystery Tradition.

I've learned to live with the fact that so much of Wicca has its roots in medieval esoteric Christianity. It hasn't been that hard to accept things like that the four cardinal points were invested with esoteric meaning following Biblical tradition, but that's mostly because Christians don't know that and there's very little in Wiccan cosmology, liturgy, and ritual that actually resembles those of modern Christianity. But Kabbalah? I don't know. This is something I'll be exploring as my studies in Wicca deepen.

9 comments:

Niobium said...

I agree with you on wanting Judeo-Christian belief system kept seperate from my Paganism. Do you feel the same way regarding Islam?

For myself, I'm more likely to incorporate (and/or accept) Jewish and Muslim personalities into my practice than any Christian personalities. This is based on fear that Chrisitanity will "contaminate" or "take over". And because Christanity makes me very afraid.

Honestly, the reason Wicca has never held any attraction for me is because I always saw it as Christianity's half sibling. Or step-child. Or something.

I'm going to post on this on my own blog so I can sift through my thoughts more thourghly and write more cohearently. And maybe spell a little better after I wake up a smidge.

Great topic, though!

hestiahomeschool said...

I guess I will cheerfully agree that you have your right to your opinion, but it doesn't bother me at all, really, what they call the Goddess. She is still the Goddess.

I started out in magick in the 1970s, where wicca was sort of silly a lot of the time and "real" magickians studied the Golden Dawn/Crowley traditions. I never felt much from them, and when I joined a real coven (that wasn't just some guy trying to use Wicca as an excuse to get laid) I quickly found that it didn't matter much to me where a tradition came from...as long as I could identify with part of it.

The Red Tent is one of the most remarkable Pagan books I've ever read...not as good as Mists of Avalon but still profoundly moving to me.

Later when I returned to my Quaker roots I found no problem being a witch and a Quaker. Most people don't know that you don't have to believe Christ was the Only Son of God to be a Quaker. Like Paganism, it has no dogma and no clergy.
I like that...and I like that the Friends have such a strong history of working for human rights.
Still, I am a "real" witch.

I findthe Kabbalah pretty boring. I find most of the Bible to be discouraging. I find more truth in myths and in books like Women who Run with the WOlves.

I 've also had some caffeine so I am incoherent!

love, Kas
http://journals.aol.com/hestiahomeschool/HomeschoolingJournal/

Cosette said...

Nio: The idea of Christianity contaminating Paganism is an interesting one and I think about that. I'll blog about it someday.

Kas: You sound perfectly coherent and I think we agree on far more than what we disagree on. Part of it is language. There are lots of people who identify as witches, but not Wiccans. The Western Mystery Tradition is REALLY important in Wicca and something that those undergoing traditional training have to deal with at some point. This isn't necessarily true for witches.

Thanks for your comments.

Jenavira said...

I think I must have spent too much time in the anthropology department, because I've firmly settled into the mindset that everything corrupts everything else, and once you know that you can cope with it, so why bother trying to make it stop? :) As such I'm willing to go with anything that works.

I know I post about the qabalah a lot, and how much I like poking at it, but I know what I really mean isn't that I want to study the Jewish qabalah but that I enjoy Alestair Crowley's specific interpretation of the qabalah (which has about as much relationship to the real thing as his interpretation of yoga, or spiritualism, or really anything at all, since he made up stuff at the drop of a hat), which is more about understanding how the different bits of the universe fit together than about one's relationship Yaweh. So really it's not the qabalah at all, it's taking one of the many fundamental ideas of the qabalah and stripping it down of all its cultural connotations and many of its specifics, which is why so many Jewish scholars are pissed off about it and why it really ought to have a new name, actually...

Cosette said...

I'm not trying to stop anything, Jenavira. I'm not that crazy. I'm only thinking through my keyboard. I totally understand that things change, merge, blend, etc.

But you bring up a good point and I love your train of thought. I couldn't agree with you more about Crowley and that what Wiccans are into isn't really Kabbalah at all, but this whole other thing. I think coming up with a new and different name for it would have been wise, but alas...

Jenavira said...

You know, the more I think about having said that about the name-change, the less sure I am about it. Certainly it's confusing to people who know one meaning of qabalah and not the other, but there's also something to be said for being very up-front about your sources, and for staying tied to a very old tradition, even in a loose way. Maybe a standardization of non-standard spellings would work? Although getting people to agree on things like that is murder.

Cosette said...

The idea behind the saying that herding Witches is like herding cats doesn't apply to just Witches. It's not like Jews or Christians can agree on everything about their religions.

The best way to deal with these problems is through education. You (Jenavira) know that Crowley's interpretation of Kabbalah has little to do with Jewish mysticism and I think that's what's really important, knowledge, awareness.

Carly said...

Don't forget there are many schools of Kabbalah. The Qabbalah that most Pagans study is an off-shoot of the Jewish tradition. It's very, very different. If you try to study the source materials (e.g. Sefer Yetzirah, Zohar) you'll be into the Jewish perspective -- but books like "A Garden of Pomegranates" bares almost no resemblance to the Jewish Kabbalah.

I went through this with a Pagan friend, who was utterly confused by Jewish source material, as he was only familiar with Hermetic Qabbalah.

Here's a humorous article I wrote on this a couple of years back: http://www.jmerica.com/magazine/articles/kabalah-9-04.php

But seriously, thanks for this post. It's nice to Pagans who are aware of the genesis of Kabbalah as Jewish Mysticism.

Medusa said...

Cosette and others,

You might be interested in several chapters analyzing (in terms of history and concepts) Jewish Kabbalah and Hermetic Qabalah, and a revisioning of the Tree of Life from a Goddess perspective in Goddess Spirituality for the 21st Century: from Kabbalah to Quantum Physics. More info on http://www.judithlaura.com/gs21.html

I understand the author ;-) had some of the same concerns you have, and that's how she got into analyzing and re-envisioning Kabbalah/Qabalah.